Evidence allowed in First Level Courts in Criminal Cases

A.M. No. 15-06-10-SC, or the Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases provides that: ” In criminal cases before First Level Courts (i.e. Municipal and Metropolitan Trial Courts, etc.), witness testimonies shall consist of (i) duly subscribed written statements given to law enforcement officers; or (ii) affidavits or counter-affidavits submitted during preliminary investigation; or (iii) if (i) and (ii) are not available, judicial affidavits.”